Tænk hvor meget trafik, processerings- og ventetid der ville være sparet hvis nogen gad at overveje hvad billeder på en hjemmeside anvendes til og tilpasse de transmitterede data derefter!
Her et enkelt sølle eksempel af mange observerede (ingen særlig grund til at klandre den specifikke afsender her, blev bare trigget af at klikke på et link i et nyhedsbrev just modtaget) fra SDFE‘s nyhedsoversigtsside, hvor det er så åbenlyst tydeligt på billedindlæsningshastigheden at billederne er alt for meget større end nødvendigt.
Inspicering i browseren (f.eks. med Firefox dev-tools: F12->Network) viser da også at billedindholdet fylder 14,85 MiB ud af sidens samlede størrelse på 16,23 MiB (91,5%).
SDFE.dk nyhedsoversigtsside, billederoverførsel
Hvad værre er at billederne på denne side kun anvendes som meget små illustrationer til en række artikler, men hentes som enorme filer i opløsningen 1920×1080. Inspektion af det første billede i browserens DOM-inspektør (Firefox: F12->Inspector) afslører at browseren kun viser billedet i en opløsning på 100×56! Der går altså 1920*1080-100*56=2’068’000 (99,73%) pixels til fuldstændig spilde.
SDFE.dk digebillede, vist størrelse vs. datastørrelse
Et hurtigt forsøg med at nedskalere et enkelt billede (terminal-foo!), uden at gå ind i så avancerede emner som JPG-kompressionskvalitet eller alternative billedformater (for ikke at tale om reel billedoptimering), kan give en ide om hvor meget data der egentlig overføres unødigt ved visning af denne side:
$ wget –quiet https://sdfe.dk/media/2919562/dige-1920×1080.jpg $ gm convert -resize 100×56 dige-1920×1080.jpg dige-100×56.jpg $ ls -l dige-* -rw-rw-r– 1 miki miki 17420 Apr 30 15:54 dige-100×56.jpg -rw-rw-r– 1 miki miki 1568308 Apr 24 14:54 dige-1920×1080.jpg $
Billedets størrelse reduceres her fra 1’568’308 bytes (1,60 MiB) til 17’420 bytes (17,01 KiB). Det er relativt en besparelse i overførselsmængden på dette billede på 8903%, vel at mærke med nøjagtigt det samme visuelle udbytte! For ikke at tale om den besparelse i hukommelsesforbrug og processeringstid der også opås ved at sidebeskuerens browser skal forholde sig til en tilsvarende mindre mængde data.
Under antagelse af at tilsvarende reduktioner kan opnås på det samlede sæt af billeder på denne side, vil overførselsbehovet kunne reduceres fra 15’206,40 KiB til 170,80 KiB. Tænk lige over det næste gang, webmaster!
Update: Jeg mødte Richard i Odense, fik lov at sponsorere FSF og fik en GNU med hjem!
Mikkel & RMS (og GNU)SDU, Odense
Rygterne har lydt noget tid, men nu er det officielt at formand for og stifter af Free Software Foundation, den ideologiske ophavsmand til GNU-projektet og højlydt fortaler for softwarebrugeres frihed og privatliv i den digitale verden, Richard Stallman besøger Danmark med en række åbne og gratis foredrag dette forår.
Det er Stallmans dedikerede arbejde med fri software og GNU-projektet fra starten af 1980’erne, herunder udformning af softwarelicenser som GNU GPL og udviklingsværktøjer som GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) og GNU Emacs, der er grundlaget for en stor del af det der i offentligheden i dag bedst kendes som “open source”. I Stallmans og GNUs terminologi benævnes det dog retteligt “fri software” (på engelsk: “free software”) for at fremhæve at etablering og bevarelse af softwarens, og slutbrugeren af dens, frihed er det egentlige rationale for at give kildekoden fri.
Kernen Linux er frigivet under GNU GPL og er både inspireret af og anvender GNU-projektets arbejde direkte, og er en vigtig del af et komplet GNU-system (også kendt som GNU/Linux eller en “Linux-distribution”).
Stallman kommer på en veritabel Danmarksturne med start i Aalborg mandag d. 6. maj 2019 og ender i København fredag d. 10. maj 2019. Foredragsrækken er arrangeret af innovationsnetværket for IT, InfiniIT, som inkluderer de store IT-universiteter i Danmark.
Den samlede foredragsrække er som følger:
16:00-19:00
16:00-18:00
(ændrede lokationsoplysninger ikke opdaterede her)
Kilder: FSF: Where in the world is Richard Stallman?, InfinIT-arrangementer, IDA-søgning, PROSA-arrangementer
Begivenhederne er også tilføjet den åbne kalender GriCal: grical.org/s/?query=%40DK.
De primære kilder er hovedsageligt på engelsk:
I regularly stumble upon maps which I cane recognize as derived from OpenStreetMap. Usually by map style, the level of detail or by seeking out details I know is only present in OSM. I usually inspect the attribution and license accompanying the material to assess whether it is prepared by an organisation who understands the needs to and cares about having its chain of copyright somewhat traceable. I’ll attempt to do a small concise writeup of the findings going along this in the future. Maybe I’ll be able to produce a series of “OSM Use & Attribute” posts?
Quite randomly the first one became the Danish company Bisnode.dk using OSM tiles from Mapquest (the ones who fled from an open approach in 2015) to indicate locations in the commercial and subscription-required yellow pages product named Bisnode Navne & Numre® Erhverv (aka. erhverv.nnmarkedsdata.dk).
For reference: OSM’s Copyright and License page
Below is a screen-shot from within the walled garden, and the actual link leading to the page (accessible to me because I’m the owner of the company in question).
Bisnode obviously uses Mapquest as supplier of their maps. Mapquest do make sure to display a nice and prominent copyright attribution line in the map with text linking to respectively Mapquest’s Mapbox attribution page (“MAPBOX” text), OpenStreetMap’s about page (“OPENSTREETMAP” text) and Mapquest’s TOS (“TERMS” text).
The OSM attribution doesn’t comply exactly with the words of the OSM attribution instructions; to use the text “© OpenStreetMap contributors” and make it clear that data is distributed under the ODbL license (suggested done by linking to the OSM copyright page which only happens indirectly through the about page). This is almost fulfilled on the 3rd Party Notices and Licences which is, however, buried behind the long read of the Mapquest TOS, and where the attribution strangely becomes the rather twisted “© Open Street Map and Contributors”. Who are OSM beyond its contributors? And why doesn’t Mapquest know the correct name of the project? Is it to prevent search engine hits of the more unique concatenation of the three words? That’s a guess.
Strangely an almost similar text but also with a reference to the ODbL is to be found in the “Mapbox Streets” section of the Mapbox attribution page.
For reference: OSM/OSMF’s Tile Usage Policy
The tiles are obviously rendered using the Mapquest cartography and thus can be served only by Mapquest.
The support request replicated below was posted as ticket #20427 on Micro:bit support on 2019-01-31 22:19 CET spawned by discussion in F-Droid RFP #662 about inclusion of the official Micro:bit Android Companion application in the free software application store F-Droid.
Hi at Micro:bit Educational Foundation. We are wondering a bit in the F-Droid free software community (https://gitlab.com/fdroid/rfp/issues/662) whether it is worthwhile for us to try to loosen the official Android companion application (https://microbit.org/guide/mobile/#og-app) from its non-free dependencies to make it available in the free software application store F-Droid (https://f-droid.org/). This leads to a couple of questions you can hopefully help answering; 1) Do you regard the application as alive and supported? The latest release of the application was v2.0 2017-01-17 (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.samsung.microbit) and the publicly available code base (https://github.com/Samsung/microbit/) seems to have been completely abandoned. Only two commits were ever made by Samsung and no involvement with the community has been seen at all. 2) How come the big difference in maturity between the iOS and Android mobile applications? It seems like the iOS application has received some more attention seeing regular updates through to v3.0.2 released 2018-11-01 (https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/micro-bit/id1092687276?mt=8). Also it appears to have a much wider fetaureset (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.samsung.microbit&reviewId=gp%3AAOqpTOGpgo4CF2qrry4qWqLXyj0TZaEEJcrTB-yZ61o4nJbqhq-2mBojlYQJP7BzdkAzseGaLD1sVO9fBv1R3sY) developed along the way by Insight Resources (http://www.insightresources.co.uk/microbit/index.html). The Android application appears to have been more of a one-off project from Samsung having all sorts of issues especially with Bluetooth that has never been attended to (http://www.suppertime.co.uk/blogmywiki/2016/04/mobile-microbit/, https://support.microbit.org/support/solutions/articles/19000041104-diagnosing-bluetooth-problems-android). 3) Is there a plan to bring the application in better shape? Some activity can be seen in repository forks and branches from the original Samsung committer ailrohit (https://github.com/Samsung/microbit/compare/master…ailrohit:school_project) and microbit-sam (https://github.com/Samsung/microbit/compare/master…microbit-sam:partial-flash) identifying as being from the foundation but none of this work seem to be included in releases yet. 4) If a freed fork is made for inclusion in F-Droid would you be willing and able to integrate the changes into the official sources? F-Droid prefers an upstream source which can be directly built without non-free dependencies using an appropriate set of build options. This greatly simplifies maintenance and build efforts. A forked repository is already in place at the foundation’s Github organization (https://github.com/microbit-foundation/microbit-android) but is at the moment even with the stale Samsung repository. Thanks for any clarifications you can provide. Regards, Mikkel
Hi at Micro:bit Educational Foundation.
We are wondering a bit in the F-Droid free software community (https://gitlab.com/fdroid/rfp/issues/662) whether it is worthwhile for us to try to loosen the official Android companion application (https://microbit.org/guide/mobile/#og-app) from its non-free dependencies to make it available in the free software application store F-Droid (https://f-droid.org/).
This leads to a couple of questions you can hopefully help answering;
1) Do you regard the application as alive and supported?
The latest release of the application was v2.0 2017-01-17 (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.samsung.microbit) and the publicly available code base (https://github.com/Samsung/microbit/) seems to have been completely abandoned. Only two commits were ever made by Samsung and no involvement with the community has been seen at all.
2) How come the big difference in maturity between the iOS and Android mobile applications?
It seems like the iOS application has received some more attention seeing regular updates through to v3.0.2 released 2018-11-01 (https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/micro-bit/id1092687276?mt=8). Also it appears to have a much wider fetaureset (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.samsung.microbit&reviewId=gp%3AAOqpTOGpgo4CF2qrry4qWqLXyj0TZaEEJcrTB-yZ61o4nJbqhq-2mBojlYQJP7BzdkAzseGaLD1sVO9fBv1R3sY) developed along the way by Insight Resources (http://www.insightresources.co.uk/microbit/index.html).
The Android application appears to have been more of a one-off project from Samsung having all sorts of issues especially with Bluetooth that has never been attended to (http://www.suppertime.co.uk/blogmywiki/2016/04/mobile-microbit/, https://support.microbit.org/support/solutions/articles/19000041104-diagnosing-bluetooth-problems-android).
3) Is there a plan to bring the application in better shape?
Some activity can be seen in repository forks and branches from the original Samsung committer ailrohit (https://github.com/Samsung/microbit/compare/master…ailrohit:school_project) and microbit-sam (https://github.com/Samsung/microbit/compare/master…microbit-sam:partial-flash) identifying as being from the foundation but none of this work seem to be included in releases yet.
4) If a freed fork is made for inclusion in F-Droid would you be willing and able to integrate the changes into the official sources?
F-Droid prefers an upstream source which can be directly built without non-free dependencies using an appropriate set of build options. This greatly simplifies maintenance and build efforts. A forked repository is already in place at the foundation’s Github organization (https://github.com/microbit-foundation/microbit-android) but is at the moment even with the stale Samsung repository.
Thanks for any clarifications you can provide.
Regards, Mikkel
If you’re interested in the universe (and who aren’t), outer &/| inner space and its human exploration you can get yourself a nice reminder of everything going on in your favourite calender application (be it mobile, desktop or cloud based) by configuring them to display these iCalendar/CalDAV feeds;
They contain schedules and usually good information (links background information, webcasts etc.) about earthly initiated stuff going on in space focusing on events and launches respectively. See for example the recent Spx-16 release & landing.
They are compiled by a guy called Mario Billiano (aka _starbase_) who announced them at the nasaspaceflight.com forums in August 2017.
He is also present on Twitter and Facebook.
Hit an odd browser behaviour today.
Trawling through some of those nice and dandy terms for a service (no I won’t tell) I followed a link and suddenly hit an “insecure connection” message from Firefox.
Examining the certificate using the usual “openssl s_client” and “openssl x509” tools surely enough revealed that the served certificate didn’t include the second-level but only on the third-level www sub-domain. Strangely enough I discovered that when entering the same URL directly into the address bar of Firefox the connection was somehow redirected to the www sub-domain and loaded fine without any complaints from Firefox.
Looking into what was happening on the wire using wget directed to not check the certificate (–no-check-certificate) and displaying server responses (–server-response/-S) revealed that the server behind the misconfigured certificate was aiming to issue a HTTP 301 redirect to the valid www sub-domain of the site (actual site replaced by foo.bar and localhost ip);
$ wget –server-response –no-check-certificate –output-document=/dev/null https://foo.bar –2018-11-15 18:59:14– https://foo.bar/ Resolving foo.bar (foo.bar)… 127.0.0.1 Connecting to foo.bar (foo.bar)|127.0.0.1|:443… connected. WARNING: no certificate subject alternative name matches requested host name ‘foo.bar’. HTTP request sent, awaiting response… HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Location: https://www.foo.bar/ Date: Thu, 15 Nov 2018 17:59:13 GMT Content-Length: 152 Location: https://www.foo.bar/ [following] …
Apparently Firefox’s behaviour in this scenario differs depending on the method in which the user is supplying the URL, in some cases silently ignoring the TLS/SSL warning. A little more experimentation revealed that it was actually not the source of the URL, link followed versus one entered in address bar, that made any difference. Instead it is the presence of a trailing slash on the URL that triggers the silent suppression of the serious red flag that the second-level domain asked to be fetched is not present in the served certificate. I was fooled by the fact that when entering URLs in the address bar Firefox suggests ending the URL on a slash (‘/’) if it is not already present. Manually removing this when editing in the address bar also makes Firefox display the security warning. Alas, the link I originally followed was also missing the trailing slash and behaved as expected by throwing me into a security warning.
The whole “feature” of silently ignoring a security issue seemed very odd to me, but a bit of searching revealed that this was apparently championed by Google Chrome a couple of years ago. It is described in this servertastic post which also directs to a discussion on Twitter, with some key points replicated below, about its presence in Chrome and confirmation from a Chrome team member that the behaviour is intended.
Interesting. Chrome recognizes https ://onlineservices.nsdl.com has a cert valid only for www and redirects to https://www… @Scott_Helme pic.twitter.com/j9XdqiXqAI — Anand Bhat (@_anandbhat) October 26, 2016
Interesting. Chrome recognizes https ://onlineservices.nsdl.com has a cert valid only for www and redirects to https://www… @Scott_Helme pic.twitter.com/j9XdqiXqAI
— Anand Bhat (@_anandbhat) October 26, 2016
invalid cert for raw TLD but valid cert for www will trigger redirection down to www — Adrienne Porter Felt (@__apf__) October 26, 2016
invalid cert for raw TLD but valid cert for www will trigger redirection down to www
— Adrienne Porter Felt (@__apf__) October 26, 2016
The thread ends with a guy who had dug up the source code of the feature in Chromium (on which Chrome is based) known as “SSLCommonNameMismatchHandling” in file browser/ssl/common_name_mismatch_handler.cc (see all mentions across code base).
This has obviously also trickled down into Firefox, however, not much mention of that is to be found. Not even traces of it by some quick searches of the mozilla-central codebase. Some day I promise (really!) to dig through all source of Mozilla and hunt down the implementation, but for now I’ll revert to a bit of practical experimentation showing the behaviour in the different browsers and operating systems I happen to have access to at the moment;
So somewhere between 59.0.3 and 62.0.2 Firefox also implemented a policy of silently accepting invalid certificates when certain non-obvious criteria is met (is the redirect actually followed and certs checked, or is “www.” just prefixed?), but this happens only when the URL ends on a slash. Go figure…
2020-11-25 add news item about cable extension to Copenhagen, add Bulk data center blog link 2019-06-04 add details of Bulk data center in Esbjerg and infrastructure, add local news items about construction start 2019-05-08 add system summary from FCC application, elaborate on landing point discrepancies between FCC/cablemap, link to docs describing seg. 5 cable lay schedule 2019-03-06 fix links to submarinecablemap.com and some press, add info from TE Subcom experience doc., some general touch ups 2019-01-22 change “Danish Press Coverage” to “National Press”, add “International Press”, add some National about datacenter prospects & International Press items about contractors choosen 2018-10-05 initial commit
Europe, Denmark and my local neighbourhood of Western Jutland is going to get its connectivity boosted by the Havfrue transatlantic cable system being built by a consortium consisting of Google, Facebook, Aqua Comms and Bulk Infrastructure. To quote the announcement done by Google;
To increase capacity and resiliency in our North Atlantic systems, we’re working with Facebook, Aqua Comms and Bulk Infrastructure to build a direct submarine cable system connecting the U.S. to Denmark and Ireland. This cable, called Havfrue (Danish for “mermaid”), will be built by TE SubCom and is expected to come online by the end of 2019. Google blog post, 2018-01-16
Digging into the details first reveals the projected trench as illustrated in below by some of the stakeholders;
Projected trench of the Havfrue cable as illustrated by cloud.google.com.
Projected trench of the Havfrue cable as illustrated by TE SubCom.
Projected trench of the Havfrue cable as illustrated by submarinecablemap.com.
EDIT 2020-11-25: Additionally in 2019-06-21 Interxion announced a direct connection between the AEC2 landing site in Blaabjerg to its two datacenters in Ballerup/Copenhagen.
More digging into the Danish parts reveals that most sources mention Blåbjerg (Blaabjerg) as the Danish landing point for Havfrue (just as TAT-14), although ComputerWorld DK (see National Press below) relays the information that it will land at Endrup (where COBRAcable is terminated). However, a FCC application dated 2018-05-25 SCL-00214S (pdf) refers to it as the “Havfrue system” and specifically states that a new cable landing station will be constructed in Blaabjerg (as well as in Leckanvy, Ireland and Kristiansand, Norway);
The Havfrue system will consist of three segments. (1) The Main Trunk will connect the existing cable landing station at Wall, New Jersey with a new cable landing station to be constructed at Blaabjerg, Denmark. (2) The Ireland Branch will connect a new cable landing station to be constructed at Old Head Beach, Leckanvy, Ireland with a branching unit on the Main Trunk. (3) The Norway Branch will connect a new cable landing station at Kristiansand, Norway with a branching unit on the Main Trunk.
Google is currently also projecting its own private subsea cables, some of the rationale behind their mixed private/consortium/lease approach are disclosed in blog post from 2018-07-17 announcing the Dunant cable, which is the first Google private transatlantic subsea cable projected to connect Virginia Beach and France.
EDIT 2020-11-25: see blog post detailing my visit to the construction site in June 2019
Bulk has announced that the Esbjerg data center location will be referred to as DK01 Campus which is described on the about page (EDIT 2020-11-25: now has its own page with different wording) as follows:
Bulk’s DK01 Campus, Esbjerg, southwest Denmark, will be a scalable Carrier Neutral Colocation data center ready for customers Q4 2019. Esbjerg is becoming a highly strategic data center location with several subsea fiber systems terminating within or nearby. These include Havfrue (US, Ireland, Norway, Denmark), Havhingsten (Ireland, Denmark), Cobra (Holland, Denmark), Skagerrak 4 (Norway Denmark), DANICE (Iceland, Denmark) and TAT-14 (United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark). Combined with excellent terrestrial connectivity, this will make Esbjerg the main international entry point to the Nordics and enable the Bulk DK01 campus to be the natural traffic exchange point.
An article (translated) in the local newspaper JydskeVestkysten first revealed the exact location of the center and renderings of its visual appearence and construction. The location is in Kjersing industrial area North of Esbjerg.
A further map of the Bulk connections between Norway, Denmark and Ireland has been revealed in an article of Capacitymedia and on Bulk’s own fiber networks page. Also a partnership with Amazon about delivering both connectivity and datacenter infrastructure for AWS has been announced.
Taking a deeper look into the meta data of the document containing the Environmental Assessment (Danish: “miljøvurdering” shortened “MV”) and Environmental Impact Assessment (Danish: “miljøkonsekvensvurdering” or “vurdering af virkningerne på miljøet” shortened “VVM”) of the announced data center in Esbjerg reveals an interesting embedded title of the document which has not been carried out into other publicly used references.
The embedded PDF title of the document uses the “Project Ember” term which has not been indicated by other sources than articles in the JydskeVestkysten newspaper. The paper cite municipal sources but the municipality has not used the name directly in any of their communications.
The report authored by consultants COWI contains the following naming:
Below a dump of the full meta data:
$ pdfinfo MV-VVM_afgr%c3%a6nsning.pdf Title: Microsoft Word – Project_Ember_MV-VVM_afgrænsning_v.4.0.docx Author: lojo Creator: PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2 Producer: Acrobat Distiller 15.0 (Windows) CreationDate: Fri May 25 15:49:44 2018 ModDate: Fri May 25 15:49:44 2018 Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 25 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.22 x 842 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 234728 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.5
2019-06-03 add (local|national) press items about bulk data center (follow this in post about Havfrue, no further updates here), minor text fixes 2019-03-07 add local and national press items announcing cancellation of project 2019-02-27 add local press item about property value, environmentalist opposition and local educational initiatives 2019-02-21 add local press item about unsatisfied land owners 2019-01-22 add official approval of plans, fix original chronology of Official Documentation items, add (local|national|international) press items about a.o. announcement of Bulk Infrastructure datacenter 2018-12-19 add documentation and local press items about postponed permit decision from municipality 2018-11-30 add a bunch of local press items, and archaeological section to documentation 2018-10-04 add local and national press item about Amsterdam trip and announcing Facebook as the developer 2018-09-06 add local press item about downscaling and older national press, reorder press items (top=latest) 2018-08-19 add local press item and Official Documentation section about housing abandonment 2018-08-01 add local press item with letter to editor 2018-06-13 updated with 1 new local + 1 new national press, rewrite first paragraphs, mention project name, mention DDI trade association, mention investindk & havfrue cable 2018-06-12 initial commit
The local media of Western Jutland, JydskeVestkysten, has spearheaded the coverage of an interesting technology related story over the last weeks. The Esbjerg municipality planning departments has started to reveal details of the preparations for the development of an industrial site on a large swath of land just outside of Esbjerg seemingly for the purpose of a hyperscale data center of the proportions employed by FANG sized (Facebook, Amazon, Netflix, Google) organizations. According to the media the project is by some municipal sources referred to as “Project Ember“. I have been unable to confirm this name from official documentation yet released or any other sources.
Neither the newly formed trade association named Danish Data Center Industry (DDI/DanishDCI) (in Danish: “Datacenter Industrien“) or the state’s Invest in Denmark office has brought any more light to the issue. The former has, however, tweeted a couple of times about it when it hit the national media and the latter has brought forward a vague hint that Western Denmark is an “attractive data centre hub“. I’m not in any doubt that this is partly driven by the announcement of the “HAVFRUE consortium“, which includes Facebook, that they intend to install a 108 Tb/s transatlantic cable crossing from New Jersey to Ireland and Esbjerg, as also announced by Invest in Denmark in January.
Below is an outline of the area in question (on an OpenStreetMap based map using the umap project) that I have drawn from the only geographical details yet leaked which is contained in the meeting agenda mentioned below. See also a visualisation of the area on a photo taken by local photographer Christer Holte.
I have collected links to all official documentation I have been able to locate and to press coverage below, and intend to keep updating this post as details is being revealed.
<br />
See full screen
Thanks to the fine people at the libimobiledevice project, who bothers to reverse engineer Apple products, I recently succeeded in resurrecting a relative’s iPad stuck in a boot loop (something with jailbreaking, running Sydia, missing an iOS update and attempted Sydia removal) without any use of proprietary tools.
This is a brief recipe of the procedure done using Ubuntu 16.04.
As the required tool from libimobiledevice, idevicerestore, is not packaged in the Ubuntu libimobiledevice package we need to build this from scratch from the sources.
iPad in recovery mode during firmware download using libimobiledevice
sudo apt install libusbmuxd-dev libplist-dev libplist++contents under-dev libzip-dev
cd git clone https://git.libimobiledevice.org/libimobiledevice.git cd libimobiledevice/ ./autogen.sh make
cd git clone https://git.libimobiledevice.org/libirecovery.git cd libirecovery ./autogen.sh make
cd git clone https://git.libimobiledevice.org/idevicerestore.git cd idevicerestore CFLAGS="-I$HOME/libirecovery/include -I$HOME/libimobiledevice/include" LDFLAGS="-L$HOME/libirecovery/src/.libs \ -L$HOME/libimobiledevice/src/.libs" PKG_CONFIG_PATH=~/libirecovery:~/libimobiledevice/src ./autogen.sh make
sudo $HOME/idevicerestore/src/idevicerestore --latest NOTE: using cached version data Found device in Recovery mode Identified device as j71ap, iPad4,1 Latest firmware is iPad_64bit_11.2_15C114_Restore.ipsw Verifying 'iPad_64bit_11.2_15C114_Restore.ipsw'... Checksum matches. Extracting BuildManifest from IPSW Product Version: 11.2 Product Build: 15C114 Major: 15 INFO: device serial number is DMPM4V3SFK15 Device supports Image4: true Variant: Customer Upgrade Install (IPSW) This restore will update your device without losing data. Using cached filesystem from 'iPad_64bit_11.2_15C114_Restore/058-86080-124.dmg' Found ECID 6653578882512 Getting ApNonce in recovery mode... 03 6b cc ac 57 8a b4 29 29 c1 a9 fe e4 97 54 3b a8 36 59 5a Trying to fetch new SHSH blob Getting SepNonce in recovery mode... df 5c ad 67 48 bd 38 b4 6f 72 0a 5c b0 81 87 c3 95 37 4a da WARNING: Unable to find BbChipID node WARNING: Unable to find BbSkeyId node Request URL set to https://gs.apple.com/TSS/controller?action=2 Sending TSS request attempt 1... response successfully received Received SHSH blobs Extracting iBEC.ipad4.RELEASE.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component iBEC... Sending iBEC (710360 bytes)... Recovery Mode Environment: iBoot build-version=iBoot-4076.30.43 iBoot build-style=RELEASE Sending AppleLogo... Extracting applelogo@2x~ipad.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component AppleLogo... Sending AppleLogo (22709 bytes)... ramdisk-size=0x10000000 Extracting 058-85997-124.dmg... Personalizing IMG4 component RestoreRamDisk... Sending RestoreRamDisk (59978774 bytes)... Extracting DeviceTree.j71ap.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component RestoreDeviceTree... Sending RestoreDeviceTree (101420 bytes)... Extracting kernelcache.release.ipad4... Personalizing IMG4 component RestoreKernelCache... Sending RestoreKernelCache (13226783 bytes)... About to restore device... Waiting for device... Device 3fb0f5cc97b83c61c85d4b8333796d9e536a4c83 is now connected in restore mode... Connecting now... Connected to com.apple.mobile.restored, version 15 Device 3fb0f5cc97b83c61c85d4b8333796d9e536a4c83 has successfully entered restore mode Hardware Information: BoardID: 16 ChipID: 35168 UniqueChipID: 6653578882512 ProductionMode: true Starting FDR listener thread About to send NORData... Found firmware path Firmware/all_flash Getting firmware manifest from build identity Extracting LLB.ipad4.RELEASE.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component LLB... Extracting applelogo@2x~ipad.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component AppleLogo... Extracting batterycharging0@2x~ipad.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component BatteryCharging0... Extracting batterycharging1@2x~ipad.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component BatteryCharging1... Extracting batteryfull@2x~ipad.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component BatteryFull... Extracting batterylow0@2x~ipad.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component BatteryLow0... Extracting batterylow1@2x~ipad.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component BatteryLow1... Extracting glyphplugin@2x~ipad-lightning.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component BatteryPlugin... Extracting DeviceTree.j71ap.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component DeviceTree... Extracting recoverymode@2x~ipad-lightning.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component RecoveryMode... Extracting iBoot.ipad4.RELEASE.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component iBoot... Extracting sep-firmware.j71.RELEASE.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component RestoreSEP... Extracting sep-firmware.j71.RELEASE.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component SEP... Sending NORData now... Done sending NORData About to send RootTicket... Sending RootTicket now... Done sending RootTicket Waiting for NAND (28) Checking filesystems (15) Checking filesystems (15) Unmounting filesystems (29) Unmounting filesystems (29) Creating filesystem (12) About to send filesystem... Connected to ASR Validating the filesystem Filesystem validated Sending filesystem now... [==================================================] 100.0% Done sending filesystem Verifying restore (14) [==================================================] 100.0% Checking filesystems (15) Checking filesystems (15) Mounting filesystems (16) Mounting filesystems (16) About to send KernelCache... Extracting kernelcache.release.ipad4... Personalizing IMG4 component KernelCache... Sending KernelCache now... Done sending KernelCache Installing kernelcache (27) About to send DeviceTree... Extracting DeviceTree.j71ap.im4p... Personalizing IMG4 component DeviceTree... Sending DeviceTree now... Done sending DeviceTree Certifying Savage (61) Flashing firmware (18) [==================================================] 100.0% Updating gas gauge software (47) Updating gas gauge software (47) Updating Stockholm (55) About to send FUD data... Sending FUD data now... Done sending FUD data About to send FUD data... Sending FUD data now... Done sending FUD data Fixing up /var (17) Modifying persistent boot-args (25) Unmounting filesystems (29) Unmounting filesystems (29) Got status message Status: Restore Finished Cleaning up... DONE
iPad during firmware flashing using libimobiledevice
If you want to interact with iDevices from within Ubuntu during ordinary use, you could also install some utils and plugins for that. Below will fx. add a context menu in nautilus with info about the iDevice and install the ideviceinstaller command line utility which can be used to administer installed applications on the device.
sudo apt install libimobiledevice-utils nautilus-ideviceinfo ideviceinstaller
